Buck Moth Caterpillars Expected to Surge This Spring in New Orleans

As spring approaches, residents of New Orleans may soon witness a significant increase in buck moth caterpillars. This year is expected to see a notable uptick in their population, particularly given the adult moths’ recent emergence in mid-December.

Buck moths, recognizable by their charcoal black-and-white wings and rusty orange abdomens, typically emerge from the ground after spending the summer in a dormant pupal stage. Populations can fluctuate cyclically, with some years experiencing higher numbers than others. The adults appear from late November through December, mating shortly after emergence. Female moths lay clusters of approximately 80 to 100 eggs on the branches of oak trees, particularly live oaks and water oaks.

In south Louisiana, the eggs generally hatch from mid- to late-February, at which point the caterpillars begin to feed aggressively on oak leaves. Within six to eight weeks—usually by mid-April—the spiny caterpillars can grow to about 3 inches in length. As they mature, they descend the trees to find a suitable place to pupate in the ground, spreading out as they do so.

The potential for painful stings arises when caterpillars wander onto lawns, sidewalks, and porches where they may come into contact with people, particularly children. To mitigate this risk, it is advisable for homeowners with oak trees to consider spraying their trees in March, before the caterpillars descend.

This year, certain neighborhoods in New Orleans are reporting an unusually large adult population of buck moths. This indicates a possible outbreak of caterpillars come spring. Residents who experienced a high concentration of caterpillars last year should take precautions, particularly those with live oaks in their yards. Commercial tree services are often the best option for spraying larger trees effectively.

For those who wish to manage their gardens and plants, it is essential to note that other seasonal gardening tasks are also on the horizon. As spring unfolds, homeowners should consider the best times to prune azaleas and fertilize various shrubs and trees. Proper timing ensures healthy growth and vibrant blooms throughout the season.

Residents of New Orleans are encouraged to stay informed about these developments to effectively manage their gardens and avoid potential hazards associated with buck moth caterpillars.